Subj : Wx Terms (A)(2)
To : All
From : Daryl Stout
Date : Wed Aug 02 2017 12:06 am
Adiabatic
Changes in temperature caused by the expansion (cooling) or compression
(warming) of a body of air as it rises or descends in the atmosphere,
with no exchange of heat with the surrounding air.
Adiabatic Lapse Rate
The rate of decrease of temperature experienced by a parcel of air when
it is lifted in the atmosphere under the restriction that it cannot
exchange heat with its environment. For parcels that remain unsaturated
during lifting, the (dry adiabatic) lapse rate is 9.8� C per
kilometer.
Adiabatic Process
A process which occurs with no exchange of heat between a system and its
environment.
Adirondack Type Snow Sampling Set
In hydrologic terms, a snow sampler consisting of a 5-foot fiberglass
tube, 3 inches in diameter, with a serrated-edge steel cutter at one end
and a twisting handle at the other. This sampler has a 60-inch snow depth
capacity.
ADJ
Adjacent
ADPC
Acoustic Doppler Current Profiler
ADVCTN
Advection- Transport of an atmospheric property by the wind.
Advection
(Abbrev. ADVCTN)- Transport of an atmospheric property by the wind.
Advection Fog
A fog that forms when warm air flows over a cold surface and cools from
below until saturation is reached.
ADVIS
In hydrologic terms, a program which combines the Antecedent Precipitation
Index (API) method of estimating runoff with unit hydrograph theory to
estimate streamflow for a headwater basin.
Advisory
(Abbrev. ADVY)- Highlights special weather conditions that are less serious
than a warning. They are for events that may cause significant
inconvenience, and if caution is not exercised, it could lead to situations
that may threaten life and/or property.
ADVN
Advance
ADVY
Advisory - Highlights special weather conditions that are less serious
than a warning. They are for events that may cause significant
inconvenience, and if caution is not exercised, it could lead to
situations that may threaten life and/or property.
Aeration Zone
A portion of the lithosphere in which the functional interstices of
permeable rock or earth are not filled with water under hydrostatic
pressure. The interstices either are not filled with water or are filled
with water that is no held by capillarity.
Aeroallergens
Any of a variety of allergens such as pollens, grasses, or dust carried
by winds.
Aerosol
A system of colloidal particles dispersed in a gas, such as smoke or fog.
AFCT
Affect
AFD
Area Forecast Discussion - This National Weather Service product is
intended to provide a well-reasoned discussion of the meteorological
thinking which went into the preparation of the Zone Forecast Product.
The forecaster will try to focus on the most particular challenges of
the forecast. The text will be written in plain language or in proper
contractions. At the end of the discussion, there will be a list of all
advisories, non-convective watches, and non-convective warnings. The
term non-convective refers to weather that is not caused by
thunderstorms. An intermediate Area Forecast Discussion will be issued
when either significant forecast updates are being made or if
interesting weather is expected to occur.
AFOS
Automation of Field Operations and Services. Computer system linking NWS
offices for the transmission of weather data. This system was installed
in the early to mid 1980s and it is being replaced by Advanced Weather
Interactive Processing System (AWIPS).
AFRED
Abbreviation for the A Index for Fredericksburg.
AFSS
Automated Flight Service Station
AFT
After
Afterbay
In hydrologic terms, the tail race of a hydroelectric power plant at the
outlet of the turbines. The term may be applied to a short stretch of
stream or conduit, or to a pond or reservoir.
AFTN
Afternoon
AFTR
after
AFWA
Air Force Weather Agency
AGDISP
A particular atmospheric disperison model used for treating the transport
and diffusion of aerially sprayed pest control agents in agricultural
applications.
AGFS
Aviation Gridded Forecast System
Agglomerate
An ice cover of floe formed by the freezing together of various forms of
ice.
AGL
Above Ground Level
AGN
Again
AHD
Ahead
AHOS
Automatic Hydrologic Observing System
AHOS-S
Automatic Hydrologic Observing System - Satellite
AHOS-T
Automatic Hydrologic Observing System - Telephone
Air
The mixture of gases comprising the earth's atmosphere.
Air Mass
A body of air covering a relatively wide area and exhibiting horizontally
uniform properties.
Air Mass Thunderstorm
Generally, a thunderstorm not associated with a front or other type of
synoptic-scale forcing mechanism. Air mass thunderstorms typically are
associated with warm, humid air in the summer months; they develop during
the afternoon in response to insolation, and dissipate rather quickly
after sunset. They generally are less likely to be severe than other
types of thunderstorms, but they still are capable of producing
downbursts, brief heavy rain, and (in extreme cases) hail over 3/4 inch
in diameter.
Since all thunderstorms are associated with some type of forcing
mechanism, synoptic-scale or otherwise, the existence of true air-mass
thunderstorms is debatable.
Air Pollutant
Harmful substance or product introduced into the atmosphere.
Air Pollution Potential
The meteorological potential for air pollution problems, considered
without regard to the presence or absence of actual pollution sources.
Air Quality Model
Mathematical or conceptual model used to estimate present or future air
quality.
Air Stagnation
A meteorological situation in which there is a major buildup of air
pollution in the atmosphere. This usually occurs when the same air mass
is parked over the same area for several days. During this time, the
light winds cannot "cleanse" the buildup of smoke, dust, gases, and
other industrial air pollution.
Air Stagnation Advisory
This National Weather Service product is issued when major buildups of
air pollution, smoke, dust, or industrial gases are expected near the
ground for a period of time. This usually results from a stagnant high
pressure system with weak winds being unable to bring in fresh air.
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