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    * Newsletter: May 17, 2023

Senators: Only Companies With A Government-Approved License Should Be Able To
Offer Generative AI Tools

  Gatekeeping so that AI is controlled by powerful corporations who will
  impose restrictions at the behest of the government.

    * [7]By Tom Parker
    * Posted 3:22 pm

  [8]Share

  Several senators suggested that generative AI tools should be
  restricted and that only companies with a government-approved license
  should be able to provide the software during a Tuesday Senate
  Judiciary Committee hearing titled “Oversight of A.I.: Rules for
  Artificial Intelligence.”

  Sam Altman, the CEO of OpenAI, testified during the hearing and agreed
  with the push for AI access to be restricted via licensing.

  During his opening statement, Senator Richard Blumenthal (D-CT)
  lamented that Congress failed to regulate social media and said: “Now
  we have the obligation to do it on AI before the threats and risks
  become real.”
  [9]https://video.reclaimthenet.org/articles/blumenthal-ai-obligation.mp
  4

  Blumenthal continued by proposing “limitations on use” where “the risk
  of AI is so extreme,” bans where the AI makes “decisions that affect
  people’s livelihoods.” He also called for AI companies to be held
  liable when they “cause harm.”
  [10]https://video.reclaimthenet.org/articles/blumenthal-ai-limitations-
  bans.mp4

  Altman noted that OpenAI makes “significant efforts to ensure that
  safety is built into our systems at all levels” in his opening
  statement.

  He added that GPT-4, the latest version of the large language model
  that powers OpenAI’s generative AI tool, ChatGPT, is more likely to
  refuse “harmful requests” than any other widely deployed model of
  similar capability.

  Altman then called for a US government licensing regime that applies to
  the development and release of AI models above a certain capability
  threshold. Additionally, he welcomed AI companies partnering with
  governments and said that as part of these partnerships, companies and
  governments should examine “opportunities for global coordination.”
  [11]https://video.reclaimthenet.org/articles/sam-altman-ai-opening-stat
  ement.mp4

  Altman’s written testimony, which he pointed to during his opening
  statement, also contained a strong call for a federal government
  licensing scheme:

    “It is vital that AI companies—especially those working on the most
    powerful models–adhere to an appropriate set of safety requirements,
    including internal and external testing prior to release and
    publication of evaluation results. To ensure this, the U.S.
    government should consider a combination of licensing or
    registration requirements for development and release of AI models
    above a crucial threshold of capabilities, alongside incentives for
    full compliance with these requirements.”

  This written testimony also recommended that AI licensing regulations
  be deployed on a global scale.

  Senator Lindsey Graham (R-SC) agreed with Altman’s suggestion that AI
  companies should have to obtain a license from the government and
  proposed that a new agency should be responsible for governing AI and
  licensing. He also envisioned empowering this agency to put AI
  companies out of business if they don’t adhere to the standards imposed
  by the government.

  “We need to empower an agency that issues a license and can take it
  away,” Graham said. “Wouldn’t that be some incentive to do it right if
  you could actually be taken out of business?”

  Altman responded: “Clearly that should be part of what an agency can
  do.”
  [12]https://video.reclaimthenet.org/articles/graham-ai-license-1.mp4
  [13]https://video.reclaimthenet.org/articles/graham-ai-license-2.mp4

  The idea of restricting AI via licensing came up again when Senator
  John Kennedy (R-LA) asked Altman for his AI regulation recommendations.
  Altman proposed forming a new agency that can hand out licenses and
  take them away based on “safety standards.”
  [14]https://video.reclaimthenet.org/articles/kennedy-altman-ai-license.
  mp4

  Senator Mazie Hirono (D-HI) brought up licensing when questioning the
  witnesses and asked NYU Professor Emeritus Gary Marcus what type of
  regulation scheme he would contemplate. Marcus recommended a similar
  licensing scheme to the one proposed by Altman where companies “have to
  make a safety case” to get a license.
  [15]https://video.reclaimthenet.org/articles/hirono-marcus-ai-license.m
  p4

  Altman continued to push for licensing when asked about the scope of AI
  regulations by Senator Jon Ossoff (D-GA). The OpenAI CEO suggested that
  companies should have to obtain a license when they surpass a
  “threshold of compute” or when they surpass “capability thresholds.”
  [16]https://video.reclaimthenet.org/articles/ossoff-altman-ai-threshold
  s.mp4

  When Senator Korey Booker (D-NJ) raised concerns about the corporate
  concentration of the generative AI space, which is currently dominated
  by the Microsoft-backed OpenAI, [17]Google-backed Anthropic, and
  Google’s Bard AI chatbot, Altman revealed the endgame of the licensing
  regime that he’s pushing for. He acknowledged that while there will
  likely be many models, “there will be a relatively small number of
  providers that can make models at the true edge.”

  Marcus followed up by warning about the risk of “technocracy combined
  with oligarchy where a small number of companies influence people’s
  beliefs through the nature of these systems.”
  [18]https://video.reclaimthenet.org/articles/booker-ai-corporate-concen
  tration.mp4

  Senator Peter Welch (D-VT) expressed support for creating an agency
  that oversees AI.

  “You don’t build a nuclear reactor without getting a license,” he said.
  “You don’t build an AI system without getting a license. It gets tested
  independently.”

  Altman agreed with Welch, describing it as “a great analogy.” Marcus
  told Welch that there would need to be both “pre-deployment and
  post-deployment” licenses.
  [19]https://video.reclaimthenet.org/articles/welch-ai-license.mp4

  You can watch the full hearing and access written testimony [20]here.

  While several senators and Altman are fans of a government licensing
  scheme that dictates which companies are allowed to build the AI
  systems that are used by the public, such a scheme would likely
  entrench the dominant companies.

  Big Tech and large corporations with more resources and better
  connections would find it easy to obtain licenses. Meanwhile, small
  businesses, startups, or individual developers with limited resources
  would find it harder to get a license.

  The fact that influential AI companies, such as OpenAI, already have
  the ear of the lawmakers that would implement an AI licensing scheme
  also gives the dominant companies an avenue through which they can
  exert influence and potentially shape the licensing scheme to benefit
  them while excluding competitors.

  Licensing could also restrict free speech. Much of the justification
  for licensing during the hearing was centered around preventing “harm”
  — a far-reaching, subjective term that’s been used many times to
  justify [21]censorship on Big Tech platforms and [22]government
  censorship. If such a scheme were implemented, governments could decide
  that truthful but inconvenient content is harmful and make censoring
  such content a condition of licensing.

  Defend free speech and individual liberty online.

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References

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  9. https://video.reclaimthenet.org/articles/blumenthal-ai-obligation.mp4
 10. https://video.reclaimthenet.org/articles/blumenthal-ai-limitations-bans.mp4
 11. https://video.reclaimthenet.org/articles/sam-altman-ai-opening-statement.mp4
 12. https://video.reclaimthenet.org/articles/graham-ai-license-1.mp4
 13. https://video.reclaimthenet.org/articles/graham-ai-license-2.mp4
 14. https://video.reclaimthenet.org/articles/kennedy-altman-ai-license.mp4
 15. https://video.reclaimthenet.org/articles/hirono-marcus-ai-license.mp4
 16. https://video.reclaimthenet.org/articles/ossoff-altman-ai-thresholds.mp4
 17. https://reclaimthenet.org/google-backed-ai-tool-finds-ways-to-increase-moral-awareness
 18. https://video.reclaimthenet.org/articles/booker-ai-corporate-concentration.mp4
 19. https://video.reclaimthenet.org/articles/welch-ai-license.mp4
 20. https://www.judiciary.senate.gov/committee-activity/hearings/oversight-of-ai-rules-for-artificial-intelligence
 21. https://reclaimthenet.org/youtube-ceo-harmful-misinformation
 22. https://reclaimthenet.org/eu-tells-tiktok-to-prepare-to-censor
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 24. https://reclaimthenet.org/ditch-spotify-with-an-open-source-streaming-app
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 27. https://reclaimthenet.org/iphone-privacy-settings
 28. https://reclaimthenet.org/the-shadowy-nudge-units-working-online-to-manipulate-you-from-afar
 29. https://reclaimthenet.org/academics-develop-plot-to-scan-social-media-flag-posts-with-pre-crime-machine-learning
 30. https://reclaimthenet.org/senators-government-license-generative-ai
 31. https://reclaimthenet.org/ditch-spotify-with-an-open-source-streaming-app
 32. https://reclaimthenet.org/liberals-defend-plan-to-target-anonymous-social-media-accounts
 33. https://reclaimthenet.org/facebook-deletes-jesus-died-so-you-could-live-post
 34. https://reclaimthenet.org/openais-sam-altman-funding-worldcoin
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