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Standards Spotlight

Views of Real-World Impact

ANSI shines a spotlight on Standards in action as they support safety,
efficiency and well-being in interesting aspects of everyday life.
1. [253]News

[254]Standards Spotlight

Clock

Timing is Everything: NIST’s Role in Timekeeping, and the Standards Behind
the Clock

4/06/2023

Most people in the standardization community know that the
[255]National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) plays a big
role in keeping the official time in the U.S. But how is time tracked,
how is it synced internationally, and how accurate are the times on our
computers, phones, and watches? A [256]new article published in
Harper’s Magazine delves into the technicalities behind the time that
we check on our devices every day.

“In Search of Lost Time” explains how the official time in the U.S. is
subordinate to the Coordinated Universal Time—the UTC—which provides an
aggregate of times gathered from atomic clocks maintained by more than
80 international agencies. Calculated after the fact, the UTC is sent
to NIST and other institutions monthly, providing official time data
from the previous month. Time-keeping professionals discuss the
implications of the UTC report and recalibrate the official time in the
U.S. accordingly. The article goes on to explain why the synced clocks
on our computers may still be slightly off, and delves into NIST’s work
in other areas of metrology, with fascinating insight into the
Institute’s dematerialization of units and measurements of the
“fundamental properties of the universe.”

Standards play an important role in bringing the official time into our
homes and onto our devices, and in using it to its full advantage.
[257]UL 917, Standard for Clock-Operated Switches, guides timers that
use an electric switch controlled by a timing mechanism—for example,
outdoor lighting that turns on in the evening, pool pumps that run at a
scheduled time each day, and heating or cooling devices set to turn on
and off throughout the day. This standard was developed by [258]UL
Standards & Engagement (ULSE), a member and audited designator of the
[259]American National Standards Institute (ANSI).

Synchronization of clocks in networked systems is guided by another
standard: [260]IEEE 1588-2019, IEEE Standard for a Precision Clock
Synchronization Protocol for Networked Measurement and Control Systems.
Developed by ANSI member and accredited standards developer [261]IEEE,
this standard offers guidelines that support sub-nanosecond time
transfer accuracy in packet-based networked systems.

An international standard guides safety for electric clocks used in the
household, like alarm clocks. [262]IEC 60335-2-26, Household and
Similar Electrical Appliances - Safety - Part 2-26: Particular
Requirements for Clocks, was developed by the [263]International
Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) [264]Technical Committee (TC) 61,
Safety of household and similar electrical appliances. The U.S. holds
the secretariat of this TC, with secretariat duties performed by ULSE.
UL also serves as the [265]U.S. National Committee (USNC)-approved U.S.
Technical Advisory Group (TAG) Administrator to IEC TC 61, carrying
U.S. positions forward to the committee.

Information about time and how it is communicated internationally
relies on a standard, as well. [266]ISO 8601-1:2019, Date and Time -
Representations for Information Interchange - Part 1: Basic Rules,
specifies representations of dates of the Gregorian calendar and times
based on the 24-hour clock, offering an unambiguous calendar-and-clock
format that can be universally understood. It was developed by the
[267]International Organization for Standardization (ISO) [268]TC 154,
Processes, data elements, and documents in commerce, industry, and
administration. ANSI member [269]Open Applications Group, Inc. (OAGi)
is the ANSI- accredited U.S. TAG administrator to this TC.

Learn more about time-keeping and NIST’s role: [270]In Search of Lost
Time: The Science of the Perfect Second

Related News

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293. https://www.linkedin.com/company/american-national-standards-institute
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304. https://www.ansi.org/sitemap
305. mailto:[email protected]