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Coronavirus: Why are Americans so angry about masks?

By Tara McKelvey Leawood, Kansas
* 20 July 2020

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* [67]Coronavirus pandemic

Trump supporter wearing a mask Image copyright Getty Images Image
caption Some Trump supporters have been vocal in criticising masks but
not all agree

In the midst of the pandemic, a small piece of cloth has incited a
nationwide feud about public health, civil liberties and personal
freedom. Some Americans refuse to wear a facial covering out of
principle. Others in this country are enraged by the way that people
flout the mask mandates.

Bob Palmgren tried to be polite - at first. He told a customer he had
to wear a mask inside his restaurant, RJ's Bob-Be-Que Shack in Mission,
Kansas. The customer, a man in his forties in a Make America Great
Again (MAGA) cap, had flashed a gun and said that he was exempt from a
state-wide mask requirement. He said that he could explain the
exemption in the law to Mr Palmgren.

Mr Palmgren, a former marine, told the customer that he was not
interested in continuing the conversation. Mr Palmgren was not swayed
by the customer's gun, either. "Coronavirus doesn't care if you have a
gun or not," said Mr Palmgren, describing his conversation with the
customer. "I said: 'Now get the hell out of here.'"

The argument in the restaurant reflected a deep divide over
requirements to wear masks in this country. People in Kansas, along
with those who live in more than half of the country, are now required
to wear masks in public as part of an ongoing effort to slow down the
spread of the virus. But some people have been fighting against the
mandate.
Image copyright Getty Images Image caption Bob Palmgren, the owner of
RJ’s Bob-Be-Que Shack, tells a customer to put on a mask

The wearing of masks has become a catalyst for political conflict, an
arena where scientific evidence is often viewed through a partisan
lens. Most Democrats support the wearing of masks, [68]according to a
poll conducted by researchers at the Pew Research Center.

Most Republicans do not. The Republicans are following the lead of the
president: Trump has been reluctant to wear a mask, saying that it did
not seem right to wear one while he was receiving heads of state at the
White House. He put a mask on in public for the first time during a
visit to a military hospital earlier this month.

The battle over masks has escalated during the final weeks of the
campaign season. The general election is in November, and activists in
both parties, Republican and Democrat, are working feverishly to ensure
victory at the polls. Some of them have faced off on the issue of
masks: as Timothy Akers, a public-health professor at Morgan State
University, a historically black college in Baltimore, says: "We're
seeing politics and science literally crashing."

The dispute over masks embodies the political dynamics of the campaign.
It also reflects a classic American struggle between those who defend
public safety and those who believe just as deeply in personal liberty.

The conflict over masks is tense, volatile and deeply personal. Mr
Palmgren, the owner of RJ's Bob-Be-Que Shack, was trying to follow the
state mandate when he got into the argument with the gun-toting
customer.
* [69]Why men are less likely to wear face masks
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* [71]Why have attitudes to face masks changed?

Other stories about the masks have unfolded across the country. When
workers in a Michigan pizzeria told a customer that she had to wear a
mask, she made an obscene gesture, kicked someone in the restaurant
and, according to local authorities, fled the police.

A fight over masks led to gunfire outside a Los Angeles grocery store,
according to authorities, and a rapper named Jerry Lewis was killed.

The fight over masks is playing out against a backdrop of a health
crisis that has reached historic levels. More than 3,544,000 people in
the US have tested positive for the virus, according to the World
Health Organization, and at least 137,000 people have died.

The divide between those who wear masks and the anti-maskers, as they
call themselves, has become increasingly sharp. In interviews in the
Midwest and across the US, people dug in their heels and defended their
position, whether for or against the wearing of masks. Many of those
interviewed sounded deeply mistrustful of people on the other side and
blamed them for the nation's economic and public-health crises.
Image copyright Getty Images Image caption Anti-maskers at a rally in
April to reopen Pennsylvania

Resentment was palpable in the voice of Susan Wiles, a retired
sign-language interpreter, as she described what happened to her at her
local supermarket, Publix in Vero Beach, Florida. Mrs Wiles, who has an
autoimmune disorder, was riding in a motorised cart in the produce
department when a worker "jumped back", she says, and gave her "a
glaring look".

As she recalls: "He yelled: 'You're not wearing a mask.' It was quite a
commotion. Another guy joined right in and said: 'She's a menace to
society. Get her out of here.' Then he yells: 'Why don't you just go
attend a Trump rally?'"

As it happens, Mrs Wiles has been to the president's rallies. A Trump
supporter, she says that she does not wear a mask because she believes
that the concerns about Covid-19 are overblown. "Sure, there's a
virus," she says. "But people die of the flu every year." When it comes
to the pandemic, she says: "I don't fall for this. It's not what they
say it is."
Image copyright Getty Images Image caption Trump finally wore one
publicly in July

Since her confrontation at Publix, the supermarket chain has introduced
a formal policy requiring customers to wear masks. It goes into effect
on Tuesday. Walmart, CVS and other retail stores across the US have
already put a mask requirement in place. This makes it harder for Mrs
Wiles and other anti-maskers to stand by their principles. Yet some
persist.

Neil Melton is a construction-project manager who lives in Prairie
Village, Kansas, and he admires Mr Trump. When it comes to masks, Mr
Melton does not think they are effective: "There's really nothing you
can do to hide from the virus." He also believes that the mask mandates
in Kansas and other states are an example of "government over-reach".
He explains: "There are people in power who want to see what people
will submit to."
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The disease has been spreading fastest in this country in Oklahoma,
South Carolina, Georgia and other conservative, Republican-leaning
states where economies opened up early and where people are less likely
to wear masks.

The way that Americans in these states and other parts of the country
chafe at the mask requirement evokes a time when people here were first
told to wear seat belts and not to smoke in restaurants. Americans
initially resisted those restrictions, too. But now they follow these
safety guidelines. Many have not yet taken to wearing masks, however.
Image copyright Getty Images Image caption The advice from health
experts is clear - masks work

One Trump supporter, Crystal Lynn, an administrative assistant in
Fairfax, Virginia, says she does not like wearing masks because they
make her skin break out. Besides that, she says that she does not think
that masks work: "It's a false sense of security." She puts on her seat
belt when driving because she knows they can save your life. But masks
are not "in the same category", she says: "I don't think a mask
protects you in any way."

The anti-maskers have expressed their views loud and clear. Yet overall
people here accept the wearing of masks and have embraced them more
readily than those who live in the UK. Nearly 60% of people in the US
said they would always wear a face mask when they go outside, according
to Covid-19 Behaviour Tracker. In the UK less than 20% said the same.

People who study infectious diseases have been struggling to make sense
of the political divide over masks and understand the public reaction
to the health guidelines. "Some people don't wear masks because they
say that they don't 'work' - quote, unquote," says David Aronoff, the
director of the Division of Infectious Diseases at Vanderbilt
University Medical Center in Nashville. "There are other people who see
masks as a violation of their rights."

The views of anti-maskers are not shared by public-health experts. They
say that wearing masks helps stop infected people from passing the
virus on to others. Robert Redfield, the director of the Centers for
Disease Control and Prevention, said recently in a webcast that if
everyone in the US started wearing masks "right away", the epidemic
would be brought under control within two months.

Their advice on masks has changed over the past several months,
however, and at times it has been confusing. Earlier this year,
public-health officials told people not to wear masks because they were
concerned there would not be enough facial coverings for health-care
workers. By late spring, scientific understanding of the virus and its
transmission had changed, and so did the advice for the public.

This is what drives Democrats crazy. They believe that masks can help
prevent the spread of infection and that if people covered their faces
in public then the country could get back to normal faster.

For Matt DiGregory, a restauranteur who lives in Bernalillo, New
Mexico, and his employees, the cost of the pandemic has been sharp. He
closed down a number of restaurants because of the economic downturn.
Of his 550 employees, only 60 are left.
Image copyright Getty Images Image caption Most Americans are happy to
wear them

Masks, he says, are required for all those who visit the restaurants
that remain open. If a customer does not have one, the workers have
extra masks for them to wear while they are inside the building. "I
think masks are the only way we are getting out from under this," Mr
DiGregory says. "I'm incredibly sad that there's a political divide on
this, and that there's people who think it's a hoax."

Some in Kansas and other states agree with Mr DiGregory even when they
do not share his political views. Mr Palmgren, the owner of RJ's
Bob-Be-Que Shack, likes the way that Mr Trump has been running the
nation. But unlike the president, Mr Palmgren is not ambivalent about
masks. Mr Palmgren insists that everyone in his restaurant has a face
covering.

Several days after his encounter the MAGA-cap-wearing, gun-toting
customer, Mr Palmgren sounds more disappointed than angry about the
incident. Mr Palmgren says the customer gave Trump supporters a bad
name. Recalling the customer's demeanor, Mr Palmgren says: "That
doesn't make MAGA look good."

Later that day, Mr Palmgren stood outside the restaurant. He called out
to someone who was heading for the front door and told them that they
needed a mask. For Mr Palmgren, the requirement is non-partisan and
non-negotiable.

Related Topics

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111. https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world
112. https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world/africa
113. https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world/asia
114. https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world/australia
115. https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world/europe
116. https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world/latin_america
117. https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world/middle_east
118. https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world/us_and_canada
119. https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/business
120. https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/business
121. https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/business/your_money
122. https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/business/market-data
123. https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/business/companies
124. https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/business/economy
125. https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/politics
126. https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/politics
127. https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/politics/parliaments
128. https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/politics/uk_leaves_the_eu
129. https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/technology
130. https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/science_and_environment
131. https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/health
132. https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/education
133. https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/education
134. https://www.bbc.co.uk/schoolreport
135. https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/business-12686570
136. https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/entertainment_and_arts
137. https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/stories
138. https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/video_and_audio/headlines
139. https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/in_pictures
140. https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/newsbeat
141. https://www.bbc.co.uk/realitycheck
142. https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/special_reports
143. https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/explainers
144. https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/the_reporters
145. https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/have_your_say
146. https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/disability
147. https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/10628994
148. https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/help-50068132
149. https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/10628323
150. https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/20039682
151. https://www.bbc.co.uk/
152. https://www.bbc.co.uk/news
153. https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport
154. https://www.bbc.co.uk/weather
155. https://www.bbc.co.uk/iplayer
156. https://www.bbc.co.uk/sounds
157. https://www.bbc.co.uk/cbbc
158. https://www.bbc.co.uk/cbeebies
159. https://www.bbc.co.uk/food
160. https://www.bbc.co.uk/bitesize
161. https://www.bbc.co.uk/arts
162. https://www.bbc.co.uk/taster
163. https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/localnews
164. https://www.bbc.co.uk/bbcthree
165. https://www.bbc.co.uk/usingthebbc/terms/
166. https://www.bbc.co.uk/aboutthebbc
167. https://www.bbc.co.uk/usingthebbc/privacy/
168. https://www.bbc.co.uk/usingthebbc/cookies/
169. https://www.bbc.co.uk/accessibility/
170. https://www.bbc.co.uk/guidance
171. https://www.bbc.co.uk/contact
172. https://www.bbc.co.uk/bbcnewsletter
173. https://www.bbc.co.uk/help/web/links/

Hidden links:
175. https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-us-canada-53477121#core-navigation
176. https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-53446827
177. https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/av/world-us-canada-53423637/coronavirus-us-v-other-countries-did-it-mess-up-its-reopening
178. https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/health-52446965
179. https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-53433824
180. https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-us-canada-53477121
181. https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-53431985
182. https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/business-53478403
183. https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/av/uk-england-53472395/their-reaction-made-me-realise-i-was-different
184. https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-asia-53418099
185. https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/technology-53476117
186. https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/av/entertainment-arts-53480366/ten-year-old-punk-publisher-s-surprise-success
187. https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/av/world-africa-53478150/we-re-doing-a-dangerous-and-amazing-job