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[128]Peter Gray Ph.D.

  [129]Freedom to Learn

The Case Against the Case Against Homeschooling

A Harvard law professor wants to ban or greatly restrict homeschooling. Ouch.

  Posted May 16, 2020
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  An [131]article published in the May-June 2020 issue of Harvard
  Magazine sent shockwaves through the homeschooling community. At the
  top of the article, entitled "The Risks of Homeschooling," is a drawing
  of a forlorn girl looking out of the barred windows of a tiny house
  where one of the walls is composed of books labeled “Reading, Writing,
  Arithmetic, and Bible.” What she sees outside are children—presumably
  public-school children—joyfully skipping, chasing, and in other ways
  playing. Yikes.

  The article then goes on to summarize the view of Elizabeth Bartholet,
  a Harvard law professor who contends that homeschooling should either
  be banned or severely regulated. The words in the article misrepresent
  homeschooling to such a degree that, if I didn’t know better, I would
  think it was satire. So, I decided to read the 80-page [132]article
  that Bartholet had published in the Arizona Law Review, entitled
  "Homeschooling: Parents' Rights Absolutism vs. Child Rights to
  [133]Education and Protection." Oy.

  Before summarizing what is wrong with Bartholet’s arguments, let me
  start by agreeing with her on one point. It is absolutely true that
  some parents who are seriously neglectful or abusive of their children
  use homeschooling as a cover. [134]Child abuse is a very serious
  problem and I believe, as does Bartholet, that the state has an
  obligation to protect children from abuse. States need to have clear
  and reasonable definitions of abuse and means to enforce laws against
  such abuse in all families, whether they are homeschooling families,
  public schooling families, or private schooling families. But that is
  the end of my agreement with Bartholet.

  I have chosen to organize my case against Bartholet’s case against
  homeschooling by focusing on three terms that she uses in the title of
  her Law Review article: Child rights, child protection, and education.

Child Rights

  Bartholet, with no hint of irony, contends that children have
  the right to government-enforced compulsory schooling. Think about that
  for a moment. A right that they can’t refuse. A perfect example of
  Orwellian doublespeak if ever there was one. Somehow, according to
  Bartholet’s logic, a state that forces children to attend the state
  schools is respecting children’s rights, but a family that offers their
  child the option of homeschooling is not.

  The Bill of Rights in the U.S. Constitution was designed to guarantee
  such rights as freedom of speech, freedom of the press, freedom of
  assembly, and liberty. All of these rights are violated for children in
  school. Liberty is the basic right; the others are correlates of it.
  The Fifth Amendment in the Bill of Rights declares, “No person shall be
  deprived of liberty without due process of law.” Nowhere in the
  Constitution, or anywhere else in law that I know of, is there any
  statement that a human child is not a person. Yet children are
  regularly deprived of liberty without due process of law when they are
  sent against their will to school.

  It’s obvious that compulsory schooling (which literally means forced
  schooling) is an assault on children’s liberty. Children are required
  to go to school, and in school, they are not free. They are told
  exactly where they must be and what they must do almost every moment;
  freedom of speech and assembly are banished; they have no say in the
  rules they must follow; and when they are accused of violating a rule,
  there is no due process in determining [135]guilt or innocence or what
  their [136]punishment will be.

  Sometimes people say that a child’s experience at school is like an
  adult’s at work, but that is a delusion. A job might sometimes feel
  like prison to some adults, but adults are not forced by law to work at
  a particular job, and adults are always free to quit. Involuntary
  servitude is illegal for adults; it’s called slavery.

  I don’t know of any adults who would willingly accept a job where they
  are so tightly micromanaged as children are at school; a job where you
  can’t talk with your co-workers, can’t leave your seat without
  permission, and are continuously monitored, tested, and compared with
  your co-workers in a manner that seems almost deliberately designed to
  [137]shame.

  More than a century ago we banned full-time child labor for children,
  believing it was not good for them. But now schooling has become, in
  time commitment, the equivalent of a full-time job and, in onerousness,
  something worse than the kind of full-time job that adults would
  tolerate.

  And now here’s another right that I think should be enshrined: The
  child’s right to be a child. Children are by nature curious and
  playful. There’s a reason for that. Self-directed exploration and play
  are how they learn. Children were designed by nature to educate
  themselves by playing and exploring. And yet our schools shut off these
  natural ways of learning. Homeschooling is a way to open them up.

Child Abuse

  As I said, I deplore child abuse in all forms, and I agree with
  Bartholet that we need better protection against the abuse that occurs
  within families. What Bartholet overlooks is that school itself can be
  abusive and that many families who remove their children from school
  are doing so precisely to protect them from abuse.

  The harm that forced schooling can do has been documented in many
  research studies. Such research (which I previously reviewed and
  documented [138]here and [139]here) has, for example, shown that:

  (a) children are less happy—more [140]anxious, angry, and bored—in
  school than in any other setting in which they regularly find
  themselves;

  (b) when adults are asked about [141]traumatic experiences in their
  [142]childhood the most commonly reported instances are abuse that
  occurred in school, primarily from teachers;

  (c) hair cortisol level (a measure of chronic stress) was significantly
  higher in children two months after they started kindergarten compared
  to two months before they started;

  (d) school-aged [143]teenagers are the most [144]stressed-out people in
  America and 83% of them cited school as a major source of their stress
  if not the major source; and

  (e) the rates of emergency mental health visits, [145]suicide threats,
  and actual suicides for school-aged children are roughly twice as high
  during months when school is in session as during periods of vacation
  from school.

  Bartholet, in poorly documented or undocumented statements, claims that
  most families that homeschool are doing so for religious reasons (which
  she assumes to be a problem because she equates [146]religiosity with
  narrow mindedness); but the only systematic nationwide data on reasons
  for homeschooling indicate that a far more common reason is to protect
  children from harm. In their most recent nationwide survey (2016), the
  U.S. Department of Education found that only 12% of homeschooling
  families reported homeschooling primarily for religious reasons. In
  contrast, 29% cited their concern about the lack of safety of the
  school environment as their primary reason and 74% cited that as one of
  the reasons. Other common reasons checked included the special needs of
  the children, which the school couldn’t meet, and illness or physical
  disabilities that the school could not appropriately accommodate.

  On the basis of available evidence, it is absurd to believe that the
  total amount of hurt done to children would go down rather than up if
  homeschooling were outlawed.

Education

  Bartholet, in her article, contends that one of the ways that
  homeschooling abuses children is by depriving them of an education. She
  argues, essentially, that if homeschooling is allowed at all it should
  be allowed only for families where a parent is qualified to teach the
  standard school curriculum and that homeschooled children should be
  tested regularly by the state to be sure they are learning that
  curriculum. Apparently, to Bartholet, education is whatever the state
  decides to include in their curriculum, and children who are not
  learning those particular things, on the state’s schedule, are not
  getting an adequate education.

  What really is an education? That’s something to which I’ve given a lot
  of thought. Our team at the [147]Alliance for Self-Directed
  Education defines education as follows: Education is the sum of
  everything a person learns that enables that person to live a
  satisfying and meaningful life. I think that’s a really meaningful,
  practical definition. Now, think honestly here, how much of education,
  by that definition, actually occurs in school? And, how much of what is
  supposed to be learned in school actually contributes to education, so
  defined?

  The amount of knowledge and valued skills in our world keeps going up,
  at exponential rates. Nobody can learn more than a tiny sliver of it.
  What possible sense does it make to believe that everyone should learn
  the same sliver? We are much better off with diversity. What is a
  satisfying and meaningful life for Person A is not the same as that for
  Person B. Our standard schools do not account at all for these
  differences; they force everyone to go through the motions of learning
  the same things, at the same pace, regardless of interest, regardless
  of need, regardless of the harm caused by forced learning.
  Homeschooling, properly done, allows children to discover and pursue
  their own interests and in that way achieve a real education.

  I understand that the anti-homeschooling, invitation-only conference
  that Bartholet and her backers had planned to hold at Harvard to follow
  up on her article has been at least temporarily canceled, maybe because
  of the pandemic. I hope it will be replaced with a conference where
  people on all sides of the homeschooling questions are invited for
  rational discussion of the problems and benefits of homeschooling.

  ——

  And now, what do you think? This blog is in part a forum for discussion
  and your thoughts and questions are respected by me and other readers,
  whether or not we agree.  Please place your comments and questions
  here, by clicking on the little comment balloon below, rather than
  sending them to me by private email.  I read all comments and questions
  and try to respond when I think I have something useful to add to what
  others have said.
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[148]My thoughts on your article

  Submitted by Michael Collins on May 16, 2020 - 8:20am

  As an educator, your article really resonated with me... Not being from
  the U.S. I have less understanding of your legal documentations and
  what is and is not enshrined in law regarding individual rights.
  However, in principle, I agree with the premise of your argument in
  terms of what rigid stare run education can do to some children and how
  it could go against some convention.

  I also firmly believe education must become more holistic, less
  structured and more predicated on skills, wellbeing, pro social and pro
  environmental elements etc. Ultimately moving away from standardised
  testing...

  However until employers (and higher education institutions) are also
  willing to fairly consider those candidates, then schools offer the
  best way to long term career success. And therefore by homeschooling
  and potentially depriving children of that future is that not equally a
  rights violation?

  Michael
    * [149]Reply to Michael Collins
    * [150]Quote Michael Collins

[151]I have both an anecdote and a

  Submitted by Eva Swidler on May 16, 2020 - 9:59am

  I have both an anecdote and a general remark here, both related to the
  college question you raise. My anecdote is my daughter. We homeschooled
  in a fashion very close to (but not quite) unschooling. She just got
  into U Penn and Bryn Mawr College, two fancy schools. She was
  recognized by them as "desirable" and admitted, with merit scholarship
  money.

  My general remark is that homeschoolers are admitted to college in
  droves, and once there, do well. This is not just due to a skew towards
  middle and upper middle class homeschooling, either. Social equity is
  actually served by homeschooling. In the US, the effect of family
  social class on homeschooler "achievement" (in conventional terms) is
  actually minimal, while the effect of family social class on the
  achievement of public school students is tremendous. (African
  Americans, for instance, are homeschooling in ever increasing numbers,
  partially in recognition of the fact that their public schools are
  often part of creating life problems for their children.)

  Although I am sure that there are colleges and employers who will look
  askance at homeschoolers, just as there are some that will prefer
  private school students to public school ones, on both the anecdotal
  and statistical level, homeschoolers do more than just fine in getting
  into and succeeding in college.
    * [152]Reply to Eva Swidler
    * [153]Quote Eva Swidler

[154]Homeschooling and future employment

  Submitted by Vandi Foreman on May 16, 2020 - 11:35am

  In Canada it is possible to take grade 12 equivalent courses as an
  adult, if one needs proof of certain knowledge to apply for a
  particular job, or college/university program, one takes an appropriate
  course to meet their criteria.
    * [155]Reply to Vandi Foreman
    * [156]Quote Vandi Foreman

[157]Previously homeschooled Smith College Alum

  Submitted by Anjelika on May 17, 2020 - 4:25am

  Statistics show that most colleges appreciate the self-discipline and
  driven nature that unschoolers and homeschoolers bring to higher
  education. I attended for 4 years and graduated from Smith College, an
  all women’s liberal arts college in Massachusetts, after having been
  eclectically homeschooled.

  Many people understand the advantages of homeschooling, including
  employers. Not all depend on degrees and tests.
    * [158]Reply to Anjelika
    * [159]Quote Anjelika

[160]your article

  Submitted by margot schulzke on May 18, 2020 - 12:23pm

  Excellent. From a former public and private school teacher who has
  brief personal experience with home schooling. And finds it superior in
  virtually every way to public or even private schools.
  And whose children include, among the five of them, one with three
  graduate degrees, himself a teacher at a public college; one a PhD who
  earned that degree at UC Berkeley, another with two graduate degrees
  from Oxford, another with her master's degree in English. Only one of
  them does not have an advanced degree. We are very much pro-education,
  and of all our grandchildren, most are home-schooled--and most of them
  have at least a college degree. One is currently earning his PhD in
  physics.
    * [161]Reply to margot schulzke
    * [162]Quote margot schulzke

[163]Public Schools

  Submitted by Jeff on May 16, 2020 - 9:33am

  I know of no home school success stories. 3.4% of the student
  population is being home schooled. If it's superior to public schools
  we should start hearing about the results. I'm sure it can be done
  effectively if you have an intelligent, committed parent that focuses
  on all disciplines evenly. I'm skeptical that parents that choose to
  home school their kids have the skills and patience to do it right.
  It's okay with me if parents want to home school. Their property taxes
  will still pay for the public schools whether they use the schools or
  not. I'm glad I got to go to public schools. One of the benefits rarely
  mentioned is that you got a new teacher each year. If you're lucky
  you'll encounter some really exceptional teachers. Home schooled kids
  are stuck with the same teacher every year. Hopefully they have a good
  one, because if they don't they're screwed.
    * [164]Reply to Jeff
    * [165]Quote Jeff

[166]Learning

  Submitted by Mandy on May 16, 2020 - 10:46am

  I am not even going to say 'schooling' because it is about learning and
  life skills.
  What are you going to measure as results? These children are normally
  well rounded and have the requisite learning, to get into university.
  Often, they take their exams externally, at a younger age. They are not
  indoctrinated.
    * [167]Reply to Mandy
    * [168]Quote Mandy

[169]Learning

  Submitted by Mandy on May 16, 2020 - 10:50am

  I am not even going to say 'schooling' because it is about learning and
  life skills.
  What are you going to measure as results? These children are normally
  well rounded and have the requisite learning, to get into university.
  Often, they take their exams externally, at a younger age. They are not
  indoctrinated.
    * [170]Reply to Mandy
    * [171]Quote Mandy

[172]Homeschool Success Stories

  Submitted by RA Orlowski on May 16, 2020 - 4:48pm

  If you Google "homeschool success stories", you should be able to find
  what you seem to have been unable to find.
    * [173]Reply to RA Orlowski
    * [174]Quote RA Orlowski

[175]Google

  Submitted by Jeff on May 17, 2020 - 7:33am

  Yes. I understand how Google works. If I google "alien abduction
  stories" I can find them, too. Abraham Lincoln didn't attend any
  schools. I understand that it's possible.
    * [176]Reply to Jeff
    * [177]Quote Jeff

[178]Google

  Submitted by Jeff on May 17, 2020 - 8:03am

  Another google search that's interesting is: "homeschool transfer to
  public school". That's the phenomena I see all the time. I'm sure
  people can spin it as a positive thing ...;, that somehow the
  homeschooling went so well that the student is now ready for the
  adventure of joining other kids in the classroom.
    * [179]Reply to Jeff
    * [180]Quote Jeff

[181]You see it "all the time?"

  Submitted by LJM on May 17, 2020 - 5:04pm

  What does that even mean? There are growing numbers of homeschooled
  adults every year. I fear your attitude on this is like that of a
  flat-earther or vaccination opponent, in that your mind is made up and
  no amount of clear, abundant, objective evidence is going to change it.

  You wouldn't happen to be related to the President, would you?
    * [182]Reply to LJM
    * [183]Quote LJM

[184]Flat Earth

  Submitted by Jeff on May 18, 2020 - 7:25am

  It's a remarkable coincidence that you would mention the flat earth
  thing. I just watched a documentary last night on NetFlix about the
  group of people that believe in that stuff. I was quite surprised by
  the number of people that devote so much of their lives to that
  viewpoint. The supporters of public schools are the round earth people.
  I hope that no homeschool parents are teaching their kids that the
  earth is flat. I do see some similarities of how the homeschool crowd
  and the flat earth crowd operate.
    * [185]Reply to Jeff
    * [186]Quote Jeff

[187]how do you measure success?

  Submitted by Andrea B on May 16, 2020 - 5:09pm

  All of the research that has been done to compare home educated
  students as a group with public educated students as a group has found
  that home educated students do better on every measure from community
  involvement, voting, and volunteering, to academic testing and
  achievement. Home educated students are employed and go to college. In
  what ways do you measure success that show a public school education to
  be better?
    * [188]Reply to Andrea B
    * [189]Quote Andrea B

[190]Ignorance is no excuse

  Submitted by LJM on May 17, 2020 - 5:02pm

  I've found it's best to not speak confidently on subjects with which I
  have very little experience, so that I don't say anything patently
  ridiculous or baselessly insulting.
    * [191]Reply to LJM
    * [192]Quote LJM

[193]Homeschool is better than public school

  Submitted by E. K. on May 17, 2020 - 10:14pm

  Jeff,
  The average homeschooler performs better on all standardized tests than
  the average public schooler. On the SAT, they score an extra 72 points,
  on the Iowa test, they score in the 77th percentile (meaning they are
  better than 77% of all test-takers) on average. They are also more
  likely to graduate from college.
  As for successful homeschoolers? Tim Tebow and many of our presidents
  were homeschooled.
    * [194]Reply to E. K.
    * [195]Quote E. K.

[196]Tim Tebow

  Submitted by Jeff on May 18, 2020 - 9:12am

  Thanks for sharing that information about Tim Tebow. It doesn't help
  your argument at all, but it's interesting. Tebow was born in the
  Philippines where is Mom and Dad served as Baptist missionaries. They
  moved to Florida and Tim Tebow played football for the local public
  school. He was homeschooled, but his football success was a tribute to
  the public school system. The coaches at Allen D. Nease High School
  deserve the credit for his success playing football, not his
  homeschooling.

  I didn't realize how short is NFL career was. He only played games in
  2010, 2011 & 2012 for the Broncos and the Jets. He was cut by the
  Patriots in 2013 and cut by the Eagles in 2015. Tebow's persistent
  fumbles created uncertainty about his future as a quarterback.
    * [197]Reply to Jeff
    * [198]Quote Jeff

[199]To Jeff

  Submitted by Rowena on May 18, 2020 - 12:42am

  How about the child that has a teacher for only 1 year and the child’s
  learning is totally screwed up for many years. Seen this happen over
  and over. Many teachers are great but not all.
    * [200]Reply to Rowena
    * [201]Quote Rowena

[202]Totally Agree

  Submitted by Jeff on May 18, 2020 - 7:35am

  My 3rd Grade teacher was awful. Miss Gould was just out of college and
  it was her first year teaching. I was lucky to get a different teacher
  in 4th grade that was much better. I shutter to think of having Miss
  Gould as my teacher for my entire K-12 education. Some people just
  aren't good teachers.
    * [203]Reply to Jeff
    * [204]Quote Jeff

[205]Variety of instructional experiences

  Submitted by Julie on May 18, 2020 - 8:43am

  One of the many misconceptions here is that homeschooled children have
  only one teacher. I have been homeschooling for the past 10 years. My
  boys begged me to pull them out of public school. I have yet to meet
  another homeschooled child that only has their parent as an instructor.

  Parents more rightly should be considered education managers. Along
  with parental instruction, children are enrolled in classes led by
  community members, the state, co-ops, and tutoring services. There are
  also online classes, video instruction courses etc.

  My oldest started taking on-campus college classes in 10th grade and is
  becoming an engineer.
    * [206]Reply to Julie
    * [207]Quote Julie

[208]Yes let’s

  Submitted by Taylor on May 18, 2020 - 5:45pm

  The state is better equipped to educate children then their own parents
  — not any parents — parents who are willing to sacrifice what they
  would be doing otherwise, to educate their kin? Following this
  rationale of needing to outsource learning to the state to protect
  children from their own subpar parents, we could argue it’s in the best
  interest of babies to forcibly put them in a center so we can make sure
  they’re getting a good variety of caretakers and don’t go home to crap
  parents. Please don’t disrespect the high- functioning, secure, loving
  families who want the world for our children. We exist. We exist in
  scores. Many more children than you think prefer learning from a
  trusted parent whom they’ve spent 5 or 6 years building a relationship
  with. I’m homeschooling my Kindergartener because I love her and know
  her better than anyone else. Her pre-k program was pushing her to learn
  her alphabet when she wanted to be running and jumping and playing —
  because she is five. I’m going to teach her and also respect her unique
  individual bent. I’m passionate about continuing to teach and nurture
  her, just like I have been doing since the day she was born. Talking
  with many other homeschooling moms, they all stress that home education
  is about the child/ parent relationship. Family is everything. I don’t
  talk to many people from my public school. Why would I have my child
  invest their time with people they’ll likely never speak to again? Of
  women I’ve talked to whose children go to public school, their six year
  olds leave their house at 8am and don’t get home until 4pm. They have
  homework when they return. How on earth do you know your six-year-old
  when you spend such little time together? How do they have time to
  pursue passions? Rest? Engage in self-directed play? Live? The
  classroom is artificial learning. Worksheets and tests and
  memorization, only to be forgotten the next day. My children will have
  an education far superior to mine. If I’m lucky, I’ll reclaim my own
  dismal education from public school.
    * [209]Reply to Taylor
    * [210]Quote Taylor

[211]School

  Submitted by Tim on May 16, 2020 - 10:22am

  Good response.
  In order for a homeschooling situation to be worse than a school
  situation, it would have to be very bad. Of course we should have
  societal protections of one kind or another to watch over all kids
  regardless of whether they are in school or not.

  That said however, I'm not in a mood to be cordial to the other side,
  so I'll say this:
  The truth is, is that schools are designed to shame, divide kids from
  one another, kill curiosity and sort them into pre-determined societal
  roles that vary in the amount of money and prestige they reward. The
  more obedient, the more conforming to the system (what grades really
  show), the higher the "slot" in society they get. The point is, it is
  not the content of the classes that is the curriculum, it is the whole
  process of having to be and get through school is the real curriculum;
  One of competition, sucking up to disrespectful authority figures,
  being deprived of more freedom than prisoners are for most of the day,
  triumphing over your classmates academically etc..

  Those kids who can't or won't or do not have the familial financial
  supports to participate effectively in the zero sum memorizing and
  obedience competition of school (not everyone can get "A's" because
  then grades would be worthless, 'not everyone can be at Harvard') are
  then targeted for the humiliations of special ed classes, detentions
  etc.. Thus, the illusion of A student being more competent is
  manufactured by the psychological injuries inflicted on the "lower
  grade kids" and also them being barred from "high professions" through
  the licensing monopoly colleges have over "respectable" jobs.
  Kids memorize unconnected facts, regurgitate them on a test and then
  forget them 1-2 days afterward (sums up 95% of what school pedagogy
  consists of).

  Well, our school system in its modern form was initially constructed by
  Fredrick the Great, so so it shouldn't be a surprise. If I peaked
  anyone's interest, then just look up how children fail by John Holt
  and/or read some of John Gatto's writings on school and education.
    * [212]Reply to Tim
    * [213]Quote Tim

[214]Children and learning

  Submitted by Mandy on May 16, 2020 - 10:49am

  Everyone should read the book 'Teach your Own' by John Holt, before
  they decided about what is best for their own children. They should
  also know their child very well, and what would suit that child.
  My child, my choice.
    * [215]Reply to Mandy
    * [216]Quote Mandy

[217]ignorance is bliss, maybe?

  Submitted by Debbie on May 16, 2020 - 11:09am

  Thank you Dr. Gray, again. I have read your words of wisdom,
  compassion, empathy, and justice for the last twenty years or so. I've
  found comfort and strength while choosing the odd route of
  homeschooling. I could write a response to this article that would be
  book length, but I'll make just a few points/comments. I saw this
  professor's article a few weeks ago. I only skimmed it though. I made
  the assumption of her ignorance on the subject and her
  self-righteousness of her way being the only way. I appreciate your
  take on it. So, here are some things I noticed while homeschooling our
  children (now 22 and 19). The most valuable gift was the relationship
  aspect, with themselves and others. Because they were free to be, they
  developed into young adults who know who they are. They are not told by
  outsiders who they are. They struggle, as young people do, but they
  process differently. They're less influenced by others. They seem
  respectful of their own minds, their own thoughts, their own bodies,
  but oddly not selfishly. We talk. We respond. We make time to
  understand one another. We were blessed to choose this route and have
  no regrets of spending 24/7 time together. We know each other. We built
  lives together. What a miracle it was to have had two healthy children.
  We chose this "road less traveled" and would do it over again the same
  way. Way too many positives with this path! Oh, I recall at the
  beginning of this journey being asked by concerned people, "Don't you
  worry about socialization?" I look from this vantage point and now day,
  "Absolutely yes, that's why you may want to homeschool!" Maybe we just
  were a fortunate family, but I see these two young adults and put a
  thumbs up and say, "It was worth it!"
    * [218]Reply to Debbie
    * [219]Quote Debbie

[220]secular homeschooling

  Submitted by K on May 16, 2020 - 11:23am

  There is a large group of secular homeschoolers, and it includes
  unschoolers but also some who are using various curriculum and
  resources to tailor their child's education to their interests and
  abilities. I don't feel like their voice is heard enough in the fight
  for homeschooling rights, and I think it is acutally their voice that
  would help to win over the old liberals, or at least help them see
  homeschoolers as heterogeneous. They like progressive education and
  many people are doing that style at home because their public school
  doesn't do it. Child-led learning is better than standardized
  curriculum, they won't argue with that. Trying to ban homeschooling to
  catch child abusers is just plain stupid, it's like banning cell phones
  because some people text while driving.
  The question that people disagree on that is a tough one is whether
  parents have a right to teach their kids what they like, which may be
  intelligent design instead of evolution or it may be that they don't
  learn about climate change or are taught that it doesn't exist. It may
  be that they are taught that women should be subservient or that whites
  are superior. Public school doesn't work as well to change these views
  as Bartholet seems to think it does, but I imagine she thinks that at
  least at public school the kids would have to hear better views of
  these issues. However, the things that get forced down our throats at
  public school don't just magically become our own internalized values.
  In fact, the forcing of these values is often a cause for hostility
  towards them.
    * [221]Reply to K
    * [222]Quote K

[223]Homeschooling

  Submitted by Mille on May 16, 2020 - 11:46am

  In my case going to school was an escape from an abusive mother. I
  attended a parochial school where it was very regimented. I welcomed
  the orderlines and the expectation that I wouldn't be slapped or yelled
  at. I was still a lousy student even with tutoring from a kind teacher.
  Most the learning came about on my own though, with subjects I was
  interested in. With the understanding that I could absorb and
  understand what I was reading about, convinced me I was capable.
    * [224]Reply to Mille
    * [225]Quote Mille

[226]Natural and holistic

  Submitted by Amie on May 16, 2020 - 12:43pm

  We began our homeschooling journey 20 years ago for two main reasons.
  One was because our two young boys were feeling anxious every time they
  thought about their bus ride to and from school, because of the
  happenings on the bus with the older children. Secondly, because they
  were classified as struggled learners while still in kindergarten, and
  they were spending a majority of their days not being allowed to freely
  be who they were. Curious and active little boys. When I learned that
  homeschooling was even an option, we gladly jumped on board and I have
  now spent the last 20 years truly getting to know each of our 8
  children because they have been free to explore and learn as they will.
  Contrary to when we began this journey, where I had been trained to
  believe that someone must “teach” children required and approved
  curriculum and they must learn and pass tests showing this, I have
  learned that human being learn naturally and individually, and that the
  importance of how and when this happens has been misplaced in our
  society. We can trust ourselves, our children, and others to learn what
  they need to, as it’s needed, because we make the connection of how it
  applies to life- more importantly- our personal lives. Everyone should
  be recognized as an individual with a path designed just for them. Each
  with their own personality, backgrounds, strengths and weaknesses,
  passions, interests and goals.
  Although not perfect, my husband and I have always made ourselves
  available to our children, even as adults, and given them unconditional
  love, encouragement, guidance, and a good deal of freedom to explore
  interests and discover for themselves who they are.
  I will confess that there have been times that I felt very much alone
  because our way of living and learning is “unconventional” in
  comparison to a majority of the people we are surrounded by. Although
  it feels completely natural to live our days as we have, our society is
  indoctrinated to believe learning and education has to happen a certain
  way. This makes it challenging for conversation and relationship
  building.
  Thank you for this wonderful write up, and thank you for allowing me to
  share.
    * [227]Reply to Amie
    * [228]Quote Amie

[229]Kids and learning continue to be pigeonholed

  Submitted by Lisa on May 16, 2020 - 3:11pm

  Many of these responses reflect common, incorrect beliefs that adults
  are the gatekeepers of knowledge, and Young people are either
  incapable, unwilling or unmotivated to learn.

  Unfortunately most adults are only familiar with the ways that
  controlled children behave. Having once been controlled children
  themselves, they’ve grown into adults who have internalized the sorry
  idea that kids need to be coerced, through gold stars, shame and fear
  of punishment, to learn and become “functioning” adults.

  Children who are granted autonomy, and empowered to explore their world
  - given help with, as they ask, and access to the tools and resources
  that adults use (computers, tablets, internet, community, friends,
  mentors) - by loving and connected caregivers, are learning from a
  plethora of sources. Some may be teachers, but more often then not,
  they are learning directly from practitioners, that they choose
  themselves, in their fields of interest.

  Self-Directed kids are not waiting for any adult, teacher, parent or
  otherwise, to tell them what and how they should learn. They aren’t
  waiting to be graded and assessed to see if they are ready to advance.
  They are eager and willing to pursue their interests and, with their
  internal compass and confidence intact, they are learning all of the
  time.
    * [230]Reply to Lisa
    * [231]Quote Lisa

[232]Great Timely Article

  Submitted by Claire Komarec on May 16, 2020 - 4:31pm

  I was more or less content with my young kids at school (kinder, 2nd,
  3rd)... until the coronavirus.
  If strict social distancing rules are gonna be placed on young children
  at school (masks, no playing, fear of others germs, extra stress) then
  maybe school will no longer be a safe healthy place physically and
  emotionally. Home would be a better place to learn for society and the
  child. The old institutional model of warehousing large groups of kids
  will not work with the pandemic, we need to admit that and be flexible
  original thinkers. Maybe we are unable to do that because of all the
  public school group think most of us were educated on.
    * [233]Reply to Claire Komarec
    * [234]Quote Claire Komarec

[235]Covid and public school

  Submitted by Tammie S. on May 18, 2020 - 12:59am

  I agree. I homeschool our children but I am a public preschool teacher
  in the mornings. I cannot imagine what it will be like social
  distancing with 4 year olds. They seek out the physical closeness with
  each other and with their teachers.
    * [236]Reply to Tammie S.
    * [237]Quote Tammie S.

[238]The threat of homeschooling and self-education

  Submitted by Matthew M Clair on May 16, 2020 - 6:06pm

  "I understand that the anti-homeschooling invitation-only conference
  that Bartholet and her backers had planned to hold at Harvard to follow
  up on her article..." I find this quote disturbing yet I am not
  surprised by it. As a retired public school teacher, my wife and I
  homeschooled our children after both completed 1st grade. In regards to
  my children's education and development, this decision was our most
  important one. This duel perspective has given me a unique
  understanding of learning, education and schooling. It doesn't surprise
  me that an anti-homeschooling conference would exist. I am sure that
  the conference would have been attended by "educational experts" be
  they teachers, administrators, academics, school board members and of
  course political types representing corporate publishing companies. In
  simple terms homeschooling and alternative self-education models such
  as Sudbury schools are an economic threat to the present school model.
  The whole educational structure in this country whether public and in
  some cases private involves school boards, text publishers, college and
  university education departments, teacher and administrator unions is
  based on the age segregated authoritarian classroom model. This whole
  structure is supported by billions of dollars in tax payer money.
  Change the model and that structure become obsolete. Our present school
  system is not designed for the good of the child or the child's natural
  instincts to learn, it's about the money.
    * [239]Reply to Matthew M Clair
    * [240]Quote Matthew M Clair

[241]Schooling vs Learning

  Submitted by S.A.Hall on May 16, 2020 - 7:55pm

  If home-schooled children learned to interact with children from
  different walks of life, children who don't look like them, children
  who worshiped differently, speak differently and live economically and
  socially different lives, it would work - but they don't. Home
  schooling parents may claim extracurricular activities , yet when
  confronted they admit they avoid racial, ethnic or religious mixing.
  Shakespeare and the classics are often avoided. Historical facts these
  parents are uncomfortable with are avoided, as is science the parents
  don't believe in. These parents teach their children what they want
  them to know (learn) causing many who enter college find themselves
  uncomfortable around mixed groups - racially and sexually. Many find
  their rigid, often limited views challenged by professors and students
  alike.

  When the choir, band, sports team, debate club, or field trip is
  restricted to a specific dogma, financial class, race or ethnic group,
  children fail to be prepared for the real world. They succeed
  academically, however many fail to grow socially.
    * [242]Reply to S.A.Hall
    * [243]Quote S.A.Hall

[244]Schooling vs Learning

  Submitted by Heather E. on May 16, 2020 - 11:22pm

  I don't know how many homeschool families you know, but they don't
  sound anything like us or the homeschool families that we know.
  Classical education is currently the most popular method for
  homeschooling. Reading classics is a necessary part of that. There is a
  fast-growing population of secular homeschoolers, which means that you
  are certain to encounter people from different backgrounds & beliefs in
  homeschooling groups these days. Our children play with neighborhood
  friends after school, go to Scouts, ballet, etc. Do I have any control
  over what families sign up for the same activities that we do? Of
  course not, and having grown up in a large, multi-cultural city myself,
  I would have no desire to control that.

  I'm sure there are some homeschooling families out there that fit the
  stereotype that you have painted, but not any that I know.
    * [245]Reply to Heather E.
    * [246]Quote Heather E.

[247]The same argument - that

  Submitted by LR on May 17, 2020 - 8:39am

  The same argument - that children attending them do not have the
  opportunity to learn with children from other backgrounds - could be
  made about public schools in the US, since de facto segregation is a
  reality. Jonathan Kozol wrote a fantastic book about this, The Shame of
  the Nation: the Restoration of Apartheid Schooling in America.
    * [248]Reply to LR
    * [249]Quote LR

[250]Homeschooling Potential

  Submitted by Suzanne on May 17, 2020 - 12:11am

  It is interesting to note the article suggests homeschooling will be
  outlawed in future. It seems like this is an extreme stance to obtain
  legal proof for. Although schools provide much of value quite frankly a
  lot still gets left to the home environment to address. I once was
  privileged to attend a seminar run by the CEO of the disability care
  company I worked for. I was working with young autistic or dual
  diagnosis adults. The CEO was very Anti home learning and went so far
  as to spend the morning of the seminar blaming the parents for almost
  all of the difficulties the young people encountered. I was disgusted
  with the 'parental blame theory' and left for calmer waters shortly
  after. I feel some persons of privilege and power can fall into the
  'parent blame theory' and I fear this to be behind anti-homeschooling
  legislation threats. A bit too close to mass indoctrination basis of
  intent and logic. However, schools are treasured houses of learning, as
  long as they remain within fair and reasonable attendance constructs.
    * [251]Reply to Suzanne
    * [252]Quote Suzanne

[253]It’s uncanny, I was just

  Submitted by Loyal reader on May 17, 2020 - 8:16am

  It’s uncanny, I was just thinking about this today and hoping you would
  write a post about it. I’ve seen the argument repeatedly (in the
  context of the UK) that schools need to be open because it allows
  teachers to check on children they suspect are being abused. Sometimes
  the argument is phrased in such a way to make it sound as if the main
  purpose of having children attend school is for the purpose of child
  protection. Thank you as always. I will keep referring back to this
  article if further anti-homeschooling articles appear.
    * [254]Reply to Loyal reader
    * [255]Quote Loyal reader

[256]DIY Projects

  Submitted by Jeff on May 17, 2020 - 8:24am

  It's easy to find examples of Do-it-Yourselfers that renovated a house
  or fixed up an old car. But, we all know of people that attempted a DIY
  project and messed it up, or failed to complete what they started. If
  you only look at the success stories you might convince yourself that
  you can duplicate that success. I'm sure most homeschool parents start
  off thinking "how hard can it be?". And, obviously, there are examples
  of students that never transferred into public schools. I'm curious to
  find out how many of these DIY projects end up being completed by
  professionals.
    * [257]Reply to Jeff
    * [258]Quote Jeff

[259]Insulting much?

  Submitted by Victor on May 17, 2020 - 12:31pm

  Children ARE NOT houses or cars. They ARE NOT built by adults. Children
  have their own minds, their own beliefs, their own view of the world,
  and they construct this view for themselves from their own interactions
  with the world and with other people. The idea that adults "build" a
  child's education is condescending, arrogant, and foolish.

  I am a state-licensed, "highly-qualified" (as designated by the state)
  secondary education teacher. I work in a school that specializes in
  helping teenage girls with trauma, anxiety, depression, and addictions
  (including addictions to self-harming) . Whenever my school has long
  term success (currently at about 75% for people that have finished our
  program at least 2 years ago--yes, we absolutely track that), it's
  because the child that succeeded in overcoming their
  trauma/depression/anxiety worked well with our methods and chose to
  listen to our guidance that they can choose for themselves. At the very
  center of our method is emphasizing that it is the child's choice
  whether or not they will succeed, regardless of what life throws at
  them. Our licensed psychotherapists make individual choice and internal
  locus of control the very center of therapy.

  Roughly 35% of our students' depression/trauma/anxiety was caused as a
  direct result of school or an interaction with a school employee at a
  school function or during actual school hours (this includes public
  schools and private schools that use an educational model substantially
  similar to public schools). About 0.5% of our students have ever been
  homeschooled. Well over 90% of our students said that their
  trauma/depression/anxiety was exacerbated by public school, even when
  the original problem had no connection to school. From my experience
  while working at this school, many children are not mentally or
  emotionally equipped for the "factory" model of schooling.

  I also homeschooled both of my children. My older child (now 20) was
  homeschooled from 1st grade on. She is highly successful. My younger
  child (now 18) never went to public school. My first child's experience
  in Kindergarten is why we chose to homeschool.

  After 1 year of half-day Kindergarten, my older child already showed
  signs of depression, anxiety, and trauma. She went from being a
  fun-loving, reading, friendly, socially mature 5-year old to a
  reclusive, sad, distant, non-reading, and shy 6-year old.

  From my own experience (anecdotal) and the experience of students I
  teach (actually tracked statistics on thousands of WEALTHY--our program
  is expensive--students that suffer from severe
  trauma/depression/anxiety), I can conclude that the current model of
  primary and secondary education does not serve the needs of MANY
  children and is harmful to the emotional well-being of many children.
  While a majority make it through, many hate it. It is likely a minority
  that actually enjoy it.

  Now, at age 20, my older child loves Shakespeare, loves the classics
  (reads Aristotle, Plato, and many Asian classics), loves to make music
  (violin, viola, guitar, ukulele, and piano--currently adapting to a
  5-string violin), loves to travel, and makes friends with almost
  everyone she meets. She most definitely thinks and acts for herself.
  She says she may one day go to college or a conservatory, but for now,
  she can earn her own living (she has had her own business since age 16)
  and college would just be an added expense that gets in the way of what
  she wants to do and learn right now.

  My younger child, at age 18, has so many interests that he is not quite
  sure yet what he wants to do. He is an ambidextrous polymath. He has
  trouble incorporating all of his interests into a single career or
  business. He is planning to go apprentice as an electrician as soon as
  he can (virus lockdown got in the way of him already doing it). He also
  contributes artwork and sometimes even computer code to open source
  computer games that he enjoys playing. He plays classical guitar and
  has practiced martial arts since age 15 (currently at purple
  belt--half-way to black belt in his studio).

  Both of my children know how to cook, clean, launder their own clothes,
  budget, track expenses, buy insurance, care for young children, and
  generally manage a household--things that formal schooling almost
  always forgets to teach.

  Our homeschooling style was close to unschooling with: eclectic lessons
  in reading, math, history, science, and theater arts; formal lessons
  based on student interest (e.g. violin, martial arts); and the rest was
  all self-directed studies that my children did because they were
  curious. We "staycationed" a lot to local theater productions (our
  local Shakespeare Festival won a Tony for Best Regional Theater when my
  children were young), museums, campsites, and hiking trails. We did
  some road trips (usually once a year). We did one giant month-long
  vacation last year to Europe (mostly Portugal), but also little bit in
  Lower Saxony and The Netherlands as a "graduation" experience.

  My experience as a homeschool father tells me that, if the parents are
  loving and attentive to their children's needs, then homeschool can be
  the most ideal situation for a child's learning.
    * [260]Reply to Victor
    * [261]Quote Victor

[262]Who decides if the kid gets to public school?

  Submitted by Jeff on May 17, 2020 - 2:51pm

  "Children have their own minds, their own beliefs, their own view of
  the world, and they construct this view for themselves from their own
  interactions with the world and with other people. The idea that adults
  "build" a child's education is condescending, arrogant, and foolish."

  Are you suggesting that 6 year old kids are deciding that they want to
  be homeschooled? I'm glad my parents didn't leave it to me to build my
  own education plan. Clearly the 6 year old kid has no real choice. If
  the parents decide they're going to home school, the kid is going to
  listen. Most of the transfer to public school stories I've read are
  where kids complained enough that the parents finally relented.
    * [263]Reply to Jeff
    * [264]Quote Jeff

[265]Anonymous wrote:

  Submitted by Bridget on May 18, 2020 - 1:26am

  Anonymous wrote:

    " I'm glad my parents didn't leave it to me to build my own
    education plan. .

  That's sad. Honestly most 6 year olds I know love learning and are
  curious about the world and engaged with it. They ask questions
  relentlessly. They crave skills and autonomy. They want to know
  everything.

  And then we send them to school and it stops. That drive to learn is
  sapped out of them by a system that has no interest in what they
  actually want to learn, that teaches dependency on being told "what" is
  worthy of interest and what is not. Teachers tell interested, engaged
  students not to read ahead... why would they do that? What does the
  child learn when they're told only to engage during certain hours and
  on certain subjects,

  The self directed children I've met don't lose that spark. They aren't
  told to stop learning one thing arbitrarily.
    * [266]Reply to Bridget
    * [267]Quote Bridget

[268]My 6 year old

  Submitted by Nicole on May 18, 2020 - 10:13am

  My now 6 year old asked last year if I would teach her to read. She has
  been motivated to learn many things. She loves to skip count! I could
  not skip count by 4s when I was that age. I remember asking my mom to
  teach me to read when I was 5 as well. My mom never finished college,
  but taught me well enough to always be in the advanced reading classes
  in school.
    * [269]Reply to Nicole
    * [270]Quote Nicole

[271]Former Teacher

  Submitted by Nicole on May 17, 2020 - 9:10am

  My husband and I both pursued careers in education. A year after our
  first was born we began talking about homeschooling because what we
  witnessed in our separate districts was so different than what we
  remember of school. We didn’t want a mediocre education for our
  children & we didn’t want them experience the bullying & other negative
  social behaviors displayed by peers & teachers. We’ve completed our
  first year homeschooling and my daughter is at the same level
  academically as her peers would be spending an hour a day on academics
  While we are Christians and homeschool mostly with other Christians our
  faith was not a primary reason to homeschool. We were apart of a co-op
  with people that were more liberal than us but we had unity in our
  desire for our children to be home educated. We take a more classical
  approach and the parents we home school with all have degrees in
  various fields and some with masters & a few PHDs. In the last 10 years
  I’ve met many homeschooled adults & there isn’t much difference between
  someone like me & them socially.
    * [272]Reply to Nicole
    * [273]Quote Nicole

[274]Skilled Educators

  Submitted by Jeff on May 17, 2020 - 10:33am

  Your co-op seems like a good arrangement. Your kids are being educated
  by professionals. I doubt it's representative of most homeschool
  arrangements.

  I found this online:

  "You will learn with right along with your kids. Homeschooling is a
  family affair. I’ve learned so much over the years with my boys. Until
  I reviewed first-grade social studies with my youngest, I thought
  Christopher Columbus sailed over on the Mayflower. Not kidding. Don’t
  judge me."

  I'm glad she learned that Columbus didn't sail on the Mayflower. The
  woman that posted that doesn't have a college degree, but it's okay if
  she tries to educate her boys from home.
    * [275]Reply to Jeff
    * [276]Quote Jeff

[277]Constantly Learning

  Submitted by Jess on May 17, 2020 - 11:57am

  I consider myself to be intelligent and well-educated. I took AP level
  courses in high school, receiving college credit for history, biology,
  calculus, and French. I have a bachelors degree and a masters degree.
  Yet I can absolutely relate to the condescending quote you referenced
  above. Because of the way history was taught to me in school, I had no
  frame of reference, no real understanding of how one event led into the
  next, or the overarching or repeating trends you see in history.
  Everything was taught as units - lets study the pilgrims because it’s
  November, then we’ll move on to a unit about the ancient Egyptians.
  American history and world history are taught as two distinct topics.
  I’ve learned more about history through homeschooling my now
  fourth-grade son than I ever learned while I was in school. As the
  saying goes, the best way to learn is to teach.
    * [278]Reply to Jess
    * [279]Quote Jess

[280]Tip of the Iceberg

  Submitted by Jeff on May 17, 2020 - 3:10pm

  The Mayflower quote is important because it's a basic fact. I don't
  expect everyone to understand the underlining reasons why the Pilgrims
  left England, but mixing it up with Columbus is pretty bad. I don't
  expect that everyone understand debits and credits and balance sheets,
  but I would expect my accountant to know them. Someone that doesn't
  have a grasp of history shouldn't attempt to teach history.
    * [281]Reply to Jeff
    * [282]Quote Jeff

[283]Tip of the Iceberg

  Submitted by Anelle on May 18, 2020 - 2:01am

  There was an interesting article in a newspaper on the questions (and
  answers) that parents Google in order to help their children with their
  school work during lockdown. It shows how much of the information we
  were forced to learn was really a waste of time. It was not inbedded in
  our memories and it has no impact on our adult lives. Yet we were
  measured on facts such as the name of a boat.

  What is more important? Knowing the name of a boat or understanding why
  Christopher Columbus crossed the ocean and seeing the impact that
  action had on another nation and how it shaped history and being able
  to link that to the way people behave today?

  The teachers' role is to pour information /knowledge into the child's
  (empty) brain.

  The parents' role as facilitator of learning is to provide the child
  with the resources and to help him work through them. How the parent do
  this depends on the age and skill level of the child.

  It is thus not a necessary requirement for the parent to hold a degree
  in every subject. The parent's biggest responsibility is to choose the
  resources wisely (there are no shortage of excellent materials written
  for home education) and to ask for assistance when stuck. Home
  education parents also make use of tutors and or family members and
  friends with a different skill set.

  If you teach a child how to learn and how to search for answers
  (instead of waiting for the information to be presented to them at a
  pre-ordained time) their learning will not be limited by the capability
  of their teachers.
    * [284]Reply to Anelle
    * [285]Quote Anelle

[286]Oh dear....

  Submitted by Bridget on May 18, 2020 - 1:17am

  >I'm glad she learned that Columbus didn't sail on the Mayflower. The
  woman that posted that doesn't have a college degree, but it's okay if
  she tries to educate her boys from home.

  But given the era homeschooling became 'legal' in the US she's likely a
  product of the public school system that you're arguing would benefit
  her children more than learning at home.
    * [287]Reply to Bridget
    * [288]Quote Bridget

[289]We don't know her story

  Submitted by Jeff on May 18, 2020 - 8:01am

  "But given the era homeschooling became 'legal' in the US she's likely
  a product of the public school system that you're arguing would benefit
  her children more than learning at home."

  We could blame the public schools for her thinking Columbus sailed on
  the Mayflower. But, I imagine she wasn't taught that by a teacher.
  Public Schools do have a problem with attendance. It's a battle with
  some parents to ensure their kids get on the bus every morning. I was
  one of those perfect attendance kids. I only missed a few days of my
  entire K-12 education. I have my parents to thank for that. I remember
  some kids that were AWOL quite a bit. Public school teachers can only
  teach the kids that show-up.
    * [290]Reply to Jeff
    * [291]Quote Jeff

[292]Ironically

  Submitted by Nicole on May 18, 2020 - 9:49am

  I was taught in elementary school that Columbus set out to prove the
  world was round. I believed that till I was probably in middle school.
  I taught with a 1st grader teacher that didn’t know the freezing or
  boiling point of water while she was teaching kids how a thermometer
  worked. I worked as an aide in college and the main teacher I worked
  with For 2 years failed her EC-4 certification while I had already
  passed mine. She was going through an alternative certification
  program. It takes practice to be a good teacher. I truly feel sorry for
  my first year of students. My last 3 years I basically ignored the
  standards & taught what my students needed. That last year I had the
  highest passing rate than I did before.
    * [293]Reply to Nicole
    * [294]Quote Nicole

[295]50-year educator

  Submitted by Martha on May 17, 2020 - 10:52am

  I have taught in public schools. I have taught at the college level. I
  have taught teachers. I have taught people who were home-schooled. And
  I have helped teach home-schoolers when their parents felt unqualified
  to teach certain subjects (mostly high school math) or wanted to be
  sure their kids were "up to standards." Home-schoolers are, almost
  without exception, among the best students I have ever had the pleasure
  to work with--and they are extremely productive and successful adults.
  They are lawyers, IT people, diversified farmers, small business
  owners, artists--I could go on and on. Almost all the avenues they have
  pursued as adults grew out of their interests as children.
  Self-directed learning should be the model for all education; public
  schools can learn a great deal from home-schoolers and their parents.
    * [296]Reply to Martha
    * [297]Quote Martha

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